Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior, co-ordinate to the American Psychological Clan. It is the study of the listen, how it works, and how it affects beliefs.

The APA adds that information technology "embraces all aspects of the human experience, from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to intendance for the anile."

Psychologists and psychiatrists work together to aid people with mental wellness conditions, but they are non quite the same.

A psychologist treats a patient through psychotherapy, helping to salve symptoms through behavioral alter. The role of the psychiatrist, who is a medical doctor, focuses more than on prescribing medication and other interventions to manage mental health weather.

Psychologist
The work of a psychologist can range from counseling individuals with anxiety to advising companies on how to build better teams.

The mind is highly complex, and atmospheric condition that chronicle to information technology can be difficult to treat.

Thought processes, emotions, memories, dreams, perceptions, and so on cannot exist seen physically, like a skin rash or middle defect.

While concrete signs of some mental wellness issues tin can be observed, such as the plaques that develop with Alzheimer's illness, many theories of psychology are based on ascertainment of human behavior.

A practicing psychologist will meet with patients, conduct out assessments to find out what their concerns are and what is causing any difficulties, and recommend or provide treatment, for instance, through counselling and psychotherapy.

Psychologists may accept other roles, too. They may carry out studies to advise health authorities and other bodies on social and other strategies, assess children who notice information technology difficult to learn in school, give workshops on how to forbid bullying, work with recruitment teams in companies, and much more.

In that location are different types of psychology that serve unlike purposes. At that place is no fixed way of classifying them, merely here are some common types.

Clinical psychology

Clinical psychology integrates science, theory, and practice in club to understand, predict and relieve problems with adjustment, inability, and discomfort. It promotes adaption, adjustment, and personal development.

A clinical psychologist concentrates on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of homo performance throughout a person's life, across varying cultures and socioeconomic levels.

Clinical psychology can assistance u.s.a. to empathise, prevent, and convalesce psychologically-caused distress or dysfunction, and promote an individual'southward well-being and personal development.

Psychological assessment and psychotherapy are central to the practice of clinical psychology, but clinical psychologists are often likewise involved in research, training, forensic testimony, and other areas.

Cognitive psychology

Cognitive psychology investigates internal mental processes, such every bit problem solving, retention, learning, and language. Information technology looks at how people think, perceive, communicate, remember, and learn. It is closely related to neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics.

Cerebral psychologists wait at how people acquire, process, and store data.

Practical applications include how to improve memory, increase the accuracy of decision-making, or how to prepare up educational programs to heave learning.

Developmental psychology

This is the scientific study of systematic psychological changes that a person experiences over the life bridge, often referred to as human development.

It focuses not only on infants and young children but also teenagers, adults, and older people.

Factors include motor skills, problem solving, moral understanding, acquiring language, emotions, personality, self-concept, and identity formation.

It also looks at innate mental structures confronting learning through experience, or how a person'due south characteristics interact with environmental factors and how this impacts development.

Developmental psychology overlaps with fields such every bit linguistics.

Evolutionary psychology

Evolutionary psychology looks at how human being behavior, for example linguistic communication, has been affected by psychological adjustments during evolution.

An evolutionary psychologist believes that many human psychological traits are adaptive in that they have enabled us to survive over thousands of years.

Forensic psychology

Forensic psychology involves applying psychology to criminal investigation and the constabulary.

A forensic psychologist practices psychology as a science within the criminal justice system and ceremonious courts.

Information technology involves assessing the psychological factors that might influence a example or behavior and presenting the findings in court.

Wellness psychology

Health psychology is also called behavioral medicine or medical psychology.

It observes how beliefs, biology, and social context influence illness and wellness.

A physician ofttimes looks first at the biological causes of a disease, only a health psychologist will focus on the whole person and what influences their health status. This may include their socioeconomic condition, education, and groundwork, and behaviors that may take an impact on the affliction, such every bit compliance with instructions and medication.

Health psychologists ordinarily piece of work aslope other medical professionals in clinical settings.

Neuropsychology

Neuropsychology looks at the structure and function of the encephalon in relation to behaviors and psychological processes. A neuropsychology may exist involved if a condition involves lesions in the brain, and assessments that involve recording electric activity in the brain.

A neuropsychological evaluation is used to determine whether a person is likely to experience behavioral issues following suspected or diagnosed brain injury, such as a stroke.

The results can enable a doctor to provide handling that may aid the private achieve possible improvements in cerebral impairment that has occurred.

Occupational psychology

Occupational or organizational psychologists are involved in assessing and making recommendations most the performance of people at piece of work and in grooming.

They help companies to find more constructive ways to function, and to understand how people and groups acquit at work.

This information can assist improve effectiveness, efficiency, chore satisfaction, and employee retention.

Social psychology

Social psychology uses scientific methods to understand how social influences touch man behavior. Information technology seeks to explain how feelings, beliefs, and thoughts are influenced by the bodily, imagined or implied presence of other people.

A social psychologist looks at group beliefs, social perception, non-verbal behavior, conformity, aggression, prejudice, and leadership. Social perception and social interaction are seen as key to understanding social beliefs.

Other branches include armed services, consumer, educational, cross-cultural, and ecology psychology. The number of branches continues to grow.

In a philosophical context, psychology was around thousands of years ago in ancient Greece, Egypt, India, Persia, and China.

In 387 BCE, Plato suggested that the brain is where mental processes take place, and in 335 BCE Aristotle suggested that it was the center.

Avicenna, the famous Muslim physician, born in 980 Ad, studied and treated epilepsy, nightmares, and poor memory. The first hospitals treating psychiatric conditions were said to accept been prepare by Islamic doctors in medieval times.

In 1774, Franz Mesmer proposed that hypnosis, or "mesmerism," might help cure some types of mental illness.

In 1793, Philippe Pinel released the get-go patients with mental health problems from solitude in a motion that signalled a move toward more humane treatment.

In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt, Germany, founded psychology as an contained experimental field of study. He set up the get-go laboratory that carried out psychological research exclusively at Leipzig University. Wundt is known today every bit the male parent of psychology.

In 1890, an American philosopher, William James, published a book entitled Principles of Psychology. It was discussed by psychologists worldwide for many decades. In the aforementioned year, New York State passed the State Care Deed, in which people with mental health problems were to exit poor houses and enter the hospital for handling.

In 1890, the American Psychological Association (APA) was founded, under the leadership of Chiliad. Stanley Hall.

Hermann Abbingaus, who lived from 1850 1909, and worked at the University of Berlin, was the first psychologist to report retention extensively.

Ivan Pavlov, who lived from 1849 to 1936, carried out the famous experiment which showed that dogs salivated when they expected nutrient, introducing the concept of "conditioning."

The Austrian Sigmund Freud, who lived from 1856 to 1939, introduced the field of psychoanalysis, a type of psychotherapy. He used interpretive methods, introspection, and clinical observations to proceeds understanding of the mind.

He focused on resolving unconscious conflict, mental distress, and psychopathology. Freud argued that the unconscious was responsible for about of people's thoughts and behavior, and for mental wellness problems.

E. B Titchener, an American, strongly believed in structuralism, which focuses on the question: "What is consciousness?"

William James and John Dewey were strong believers in functionalism, which addressed the "What is consciousness for?"

The debate between the functionalists and structuralists led to a rapid growth in interest in psychology in the Us and elsewhere, and the establishment of the first psychology laboratory in the U.S., at Johns Hopkins University.

Behaviorism

In 1913 an American psychologist, John B. Watson, founded a new motion that inverse the focus of psychology.

Behavior, he argued, is non the outcome of internal mental processes, merely the result of how we respond to the environment.

Behaviorism focused on how people larn new behavior from the surround.

Humanism

Humanists viewed behaviorism and psychoanalytic theory equally too dehumanizing.

Rather than being victims of the environment or the unconscious, they proposed that humans are innately good and that our own mental processes played an agile role in our behavior.

The humanist movement puts loftier value on the emotions, complimentary volition, and a subjective view of experience.

Cognitive theory

Introduced in the 1970s, this is seen as the most recent school of thought in psychology.

Cerebral theorists believe that nosotros accept in information from our surround through our senses and and so process the information mentally by organizing it, manipulating it, remembering it, and relating information technology to information nosotros have already stored.

Cognitive theory is applied to language, retention, learning, perceptual systems, mental disorders, and dreams.

Today

Nowadays, psychologists study all these approaches and cull what appears to be all-time from each arroyo for a particular situation.

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), in the U.Southward., a pschologist tin can become licensed to practice with a doctoral caste in the field of psychology from an accredited academy. In addition, each country has requirements for licensure.

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